Waterworks
Waterworks Radio

Kiso Three Rivers

Activity 1873 - 1912
Location

Nagoya prefecture

Engineer
Johannis de Rijke

The Kiso three rivers, formed by the confluence of the Kiso, Nagara and Ibi rivers in the Kiso delta, posed significant challenges to the surrounding region — particularly the city of Nagoya. For centuries, the area suffered from frequent flooding due to the complex river system, where the rivers flowed together and then separated again, often exacerbating flood risks. Efforts to control the waters date back to the Edo period, when various measures like the construction of dikes and embankments were proposed. However, it was only during the Meiji era (1868-1912) that substantial improvements began to take shape.

In 1889, the Japanese government requested the expertise of Johannis de Rijke, who developed a plan to separate the Kiso, Nagara and Ibi rivers at their lower reaches. The goal was to prevent the rivers from converging and flooding the surrounding lands — including the city of Nagoya. The project, which cost 9.74 million yen (a significant sum at the time), was a major investment for Japan and marked a transformative period in flood control engineering. By the time it was completed, the project had successfully shielded Nagoya from regular flooding, leading to the city's emergence as a modern port and urban centre.

MUSIC BY YUI ONODERA ( FIELD 36 )

The record is based on environmental sounds recorded around the Kiso river delta, thereby expressing the flow of these rivers at various intersections. Using binaural microphones and DSD recorders, recordings were taken on riverbanks and bridges that cross the three rivers.

Civil engineering has shaped urban form and planning in Japan for centuries.
For long, the country has been threatened by natural hazards such as flooding,
typhoons, earthquakes and tsunamis — with engineering traditionally
providing the necessary defences.

During the Meiji era, the Japanese government invited Dutch hydraulic engineers
('watermannen') to help improve water infrastructure. Their innovative solutions
exemplified international collaboration during Japan's critical modernisation
period and underscores the enduring bond between both nations.

Initiated by Field Records, Waterworks covers over 50 Dutch waterworks developed
across Japan during the Meiji era. Navigate around the map and click on sites' names
to learn about their development — often accompanied by visual or sonic impressions.

長い間、台風、地震、津波などの自然災害に脅かされてきた日本。土木工学は従来より災害防御の
手段として、何世紀にもわたり日本の都市形態と都市計画を形成してきました。明治時代、日本政
府はオランダの水利技術者(「ウォーターマンネン」)を招き、国内の上水道インフラの改善に協力
してもらいました。オランダ人技師達が伝えた革新的な技術は、日本の近代化の重要な時期に大き
く貢献した国際協力の好例であり、両国の永続的な絆につながっています。

革新的な影響を与えたにもかかわらず、オランダ人技師による日本の治水管理への貢献は、今まで
大きく注目されていませんでした。本展示「Waterworks」は、明治時代に日本各地で開発された50
か所以上のオランダ上水道跡を展示した、フィールドレコーズ始動の日蘭共同プロジェクトです。
地図上の史跡名をクリックして、その場所の写真や音響とともに、歴史や開発当時の様子を学んで
みてみてください。